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GPU-less Linux runners can still run real WebGL and WebGPU tests. Install Mesa's software drivers: llvmpipe provides WebGL through EGL and OpenGL ES, and lavapipe provides the Vulkan device that Dawn uses for WebGPU.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y libegl1 libgles2 libgl1-mesa-dri mesa-vulkan-drivers
export LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE=1
  • WebGL (jest-environment-webgl-node) needs libegl1, libgles2 and libgl1-mesa-dri, and LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE=1.
  • WebGPU (jest-environment-webgpu-node) additionally needs mesa-vulkan-drivers, because Dawn needs Vulkan.

macOS runners use Metal and need no extra setup. This repository's CI runs on macOS, Ubuntu and Windows, and installs the packages above on Ubuntu only. macOS and Windows use prebuilt binaries.

GitHub Actions​

This is the pattern from jest-gpu's own CI workflow, which runs WebGPU tests for real, not mocked, on ubuntu-latest for every pull request:

env:
  LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE: '1'
steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v6
  - if: runner.os == 'Linux'
    run: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y libegl1 libgles2 libgl1-mesa-dri mesa-vulkan-drivers
  - run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
  - run: pnpm exec jest

Pin the backend​

On Linux you can tell Dawn which backend to use with dawnOptions, for example ['backend=vulkan']; see WebGPU. For WebGL, backend and api are passed to node-webgl; see WebGL.